有色金属工程（有色金属（中英文））

地下巷道宽高尺寸的设计,主要是根据设备要求和使用条件,结合支护结构型式加以修正确定。这种设计方法对某些不稳定围岩和比较难以维护的巷道,忽视了巷道轴比和地应力对维护巷道稳定所起的重要作用。轴比变化对围岩变形和破坏起重要控制作用的理论,称轴变论。地应力是引起围岩变形和破坏的根本作用力。所以围岩稳定的巷道轴比与地应力直接相关。本文根据巷道方向不同,地应力对其作用不同的事实,运用“等应力轴比”、“应力分布轴比”和“围岩稳定轴比”三规律,论述了围岩的稳定与巷道轴比关系。

The design of width and height of underground excavations is determined and corrected mainly on the basis of the equipment specifications and its operation condi- tions,considering various types of support structure.But in the case of some unsta- ble country rocks and excavations more difficult to maintain,the design method me- ntioned above is neglectful of the important role of excavation axial ratio and earth stress in maintaning excavation stability. The so called “Theory of axial deformation”is designated as a theory of the important effect of the variation in axial ratio on controlling deformation and brea- kage of country rocks.The earth stress is an essential force causing rock deformation and breakage.In view of this, the excavation axial ratio for stabilizing country rock is directly relative to earth stress. Baseed on the fact that earth stress on excavations is defferent with variation of their direction,present paper applies the three rules,i. e,“axial ratio of isostress", “axial ratiio of stress distribution”and“axial ratio for stabilizing country rock”to describe the relationship among excavation axial ratios for stabilizing country rock.